Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is fat accumulation within the liver, without any history of alcohol consumption.

The liver has some amount of fat however, if the fat amount increases > 10% of liver weight it is indicative of fatty liver disease.

Risk factors

  • Obesity
  • Starvation
  • Diabetes
  • Dyslipidemia

Clinical presentation

NAFLD presents with different severity:

  • Fatty liver
  • Deposition of fat in the liver. It is the most benign disease with minimum risk of disease progression.

  • NASH (fatty liver with inflammation)
  • NASH presents with fat deposition along with liver inflammation
    There is a greater risk for progressive liver diseases

  • Cirrhosis
  • Cirrhosis is the most severe manifestation of NAFLD

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of NAFLD

  • LFT
  • FBS/serum insulin
  • Lipid profile
  • Thyroid profile
  • USG abdomen shows hyperechoic liver and enlarged liver
  • Liver biopsy if patients have a persistent elevation of liver enzymes

Treatment

  • Gradual weight reduction
  • Lifestyle modification
  • Minimize calorie intake
  • Recent treatment included ursodeoxycholic acid and Vit E
Emergency Cases

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